| □様々な痛み | │神経因性痛 Neurogenic pain│ |
| Neurogenic pain↓: →IASP Pain Terminology Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion, dysfunction, or transitory perturbation in the peripheral or central nervous system | ||
| Neuropathic pain↓: →IASP Pain Terminology 2011年のIASPの定義 Pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. 体性感覚神経系の損傷や疾患によって引き起こされる痛み 2007年 IASPのNeuropathic Pain Special Interest Group(NeuPSIG, Treedら)のneuropathic painの定義 pain arising as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. 体性感覚系に生じる損傷や疾患の直接的な結果として引き起こされる痛み 1994年のIASPの定義 Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system. Note: See also Neurogenic Pain and Central Pain. Peripheral neuropathic pain occurs when the lesion or dysfunction affects the peripheral nervous system. Central pain may be retained as the term when the lesion or dysfunction affects the central nervous syste (Mersky H, Bogduk N. Classification of Chronic Pain: Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definitions of Pain Terms. 2d ed. Seattle, WA: International Association for the Study of Pain, IASP Press; 1994.) | ||
| Neuropathy: →IASP Pain Terminology A disturbance of function or pathological change in a nerve: in one nerve, mononeuropathy; in several nerves, mononeuropathy multiplex; if diffuse and bilateral, polyneuropathy. Note: Neuritis (q.v.) is a special case of neuropathy and is now reserved for inflammatory processes affecting nerves. Neuropathy is not intended to cover cases like neurapraxia, neurotmesis, section of a nerve, or transitory impact like a blow, stretching, or an epileptic discharge. The term neurogenic applies to pain due to such temporary perturbations. | ||
neurogenic pain
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| 阻血中 |
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| 阻血解除直後 |
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| 阻血解除30秒後 |
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| 阻血解除1分後 |
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| 阻血解除2-3分後 |
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| 阻血解除3-15分後 |
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| 阻血中(正座中) | 阻血解除後(正座後) | ||
| 異常感覚 | ジンジン、ビリビリ感 | buzzing(振動感覚) | 痛み |
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| Melkel触板やMeissners小体をもつ求心性神経の群発発射 | Pacini小体をもつ求心性神経の群発発射 | Pacini小体をもつ求心性神経の群発発射 | |
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| Neuropathic pain * Pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Note: Neuropathic pain is a clinical description (and not a diagnosis) which requires a demonstrable lesion or a disease that satisfies established neurological diagnostic criteria. The term lesion is commonly used when diagnostic investigations (e.g. imaging, neurophysiology, biopsies, lab tests) reveal an abnormality or when there was obvious trauma. The term disease is commonly used when the underlying cause of the lesion is known (e.g. stroke, vasculitis, diabetes mellitus, genetic abnormality). Somatosensory refers to information about the body per se including visceral organs, rather than information about the external world (e.g., vision, hearing, or olfaction). The presence of symptoms or signs (e.g., touch-evoked pain) alone does not justify the use of the term neuropathic. Some disease entities, such as trigeminal neuralgia, are currently defined by their clinical presentation rather than by objective diagnostic testing. Other diagnoses such as postherpetic neuralgia are normally based upon the history. It is common when investigating neuropathic pain that diagnostic testing may yield inconclusive or even inconsistent data. In such instances, clinical judgment is required to reduce the totality of findings in a patient into one putative diagnosis or concise group of diagnoses. |
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2-1. 末梢神経の損傷や機能異常による病的な痛み |
2-2. 中枢神経系の異常による痛み →中枢痛
医原性神経障害痛 iatrogenic neuralgia | |
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2-3. 薬物療法、放射線療法によるニューロパチー →薬物療法によるニューロパチー
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A. Painful focal neuropathies (including mononeuropathies, plexopathies, and radiculopathies).
B. Painful polyneuropathies (including acute-onset and slow-onset distal symmetrical polyneuropathies)
C. Postherpetic neuralgia (Watson 2003). D. Trigeminal neuralgia and other cranial neuralgias (Nurmikko and Eldridge 2001). E. Phantom limb pain (Flor 2002). F. Brachial plexus avulsion (Wynn Parry 1980). G. Central post-stroke pain (Bowsher 1996; Gonzales and Casey 2003). H. Other common central pain syndromes, e.g., spinal cord injury, spinal cord tumor, tethered cord syndrome, multiple sclerosis, syringomyelia (Gonzales and Casey 2003; Finnerup and Jensen 2004). I. Cancer-associated neuropathic pain, e.g., tumor invasion of nerve and plexus, epidural metastases, post-radiation syndromes, and drug-induced neuropathies. J. Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type II (Jänig and Baron 2003). |
| Define NP 明確に神経障害性疼痛と診断される痛み 神経解剖学的部位に局在していて、次の診断基準の少なくとも2つをみたす痛み
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| Possible NP 神経障害性疼痛と診断される可能性が高い痛み 神経解剖学的部位に局在していて、次の診断基準の少なくとも2つをみたす痛み
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| Unlikely NP 神経障害性疼痛と診断される可能性が低い痛み 次の診断基準の少なくとも2つをみたす痛み
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刺激非依存性の痛み---自発痛
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刺激依存性の痛み---誘発痛
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| 損傷された神経線維、受容器 | ||
DRG
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脊髄後角---中枢性感作
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Twycross Rは、WHOの除痛法にならい、神経性疼痛に対する鎮痛薬の選択基準を4段階法で示した。
○求心路遮断痛 deafferentation pain
[痛みの症状]
[原因]
[求心路遮断痛の治療]
○病態生理学的疼痛と交感神経依存性 ←→病態生理学的疼痛/交感神経/CRPS
←→○ABC 症候群 =Erythralgia =逆行性C線維興奮症候群 Angry Backfiring C-nociceptor syndrome: ABC syndrome
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